Common Septic System Problems

A septic system is an essential waste management system for those who live outside of city sewer lines. A septic system collects water waste and converts it into gray water that can be safely placed back in the soil. Although a septic system is a useful tool, there are several problems associated with all septic tank systems. These problems can mean the difference between a fully function system and a system that needs extensive repairs. Knowing these problems is the first stem to avoiding them.

Clogging

A septic system should be pumped between once a year and every three years depending on how often the system is used. The septic system should be inspected each year to note the sludge and water levels. A probe placed inside the septic tank measures the levels. Typically, the tank needs pumping if sludge on the bottom layer is 18 inches deep, or if the top scum layer is within 3 inches of the sanitary outlet. The presence of these solid materials make it easier for the septic water to back up inside the pipes, creating clogs.

The absorption field collects the water from a septic tank once it is filtered through the tank to remove solid particles. If the tank is not pumped regularly, then solid particle may leak into the wastewater lines leading out to the soil. When this occurs, the entire lines clog up, keeping the system from draining properly. The presence of too much ground water, or septic lines that are not buried deeply enough can also cause absorption field problems because there is no place for the waste water to drain.

Certain items, such as tampons, diapers, cotton balls, plastic and other non-biodegradable items may get stuck in the plumbing lines or septic lines. This creates a blockage that requires a snake or other professional tool to fix. Tree roots can also cause blocks in the septic lines if the trees are planted close to septic lines.

Chemicals added to septic water, whether added intentionally or inadvertently placed in the system through cleaning products, can also cause the balance of the tank to come undone. Chemicals will often kill the bacteria present in the tank that work to break down the waste. This will cause any of the above problems. Chemicals in the waste water may also kill plants and animals in the surrounding area.