How Sports Affect Self-Esteem

Physical Exercise and Mental Health

All forms of physical exercise, including competitive sports, can have a positive impact on mental health. Exercise helps the body produce endorphins --- feel-good chemicals. In addition, physical activity promotes the reduction of chemicals that can weaken the immune system. Rigorous exercise can reduce physical tension in the body, which can lead to greater relaxation and health.

Athletes of all ages can benefit from a positive relationship with a sports coach. A coach can help an athlete set and achieve challenging but reasonable goals, which leads to greater confidence. A coach can also model positive behaviors, such as poise in defeat and good sportsmanship. Finally, a coach can make the athlete feel like he is a part of the team and that his successes are shared and celebrated.

Participating in a sport can particularly raise adolescent girls' self-esteem. During the preteen years, girls especially are subject to peer pressure and the sense that they must conform to a limited, gender-prescribed role. Participation in sports can curb this loss of self-esteem in many ways. It can give a girl an acceptable outlet for aggression and show that physical strength and the ability to assert oneself are assets. Sports can also help girls appreciate the importance of teamwork but also learn when it's necessary to show leadership and self-reliance.

Several studies have shown that some athletes have high self-esteem because they receive special treatment. College athletes often receive scholarships as acknowledgement of their athletic skill. Athletes wear uniforms that set them apart from the crowd and signify membership in a special group. Beginning in high school, sports are covered in the media, leading athletes to receive a small amount of fame. In addition, members of a team have travel opportunities when they visit other schools for games and tournaments outside their town or region.