Many gardeners find plants grow better in raised beds for several reasons:
* The soil is less compacted.
* It's easier to add compost, organic matter or other soil enhancers.
* Plants in raised beds get more sun and air circulation and can make better use of water.
"Walking in a garden causes soil compaction, which can cause problems with drainage and oxygen availability to the roots," says Dr. Michael Orzolek, professor of horticulture in Penn State's College of Agricultural Sciences. "It's also more difficult to weed when soil is compacted. With a raised bed, you can plant, weed and harvest without even walking on the soil."
Raised beds can be filled with high-quality soil, and it's easy to add compost or other organic matter. "Long-rooted plants, such as carrots, do especially well in this environment because there are no stones to hinder their development," Orzolek says.
Plants in raised beds get more sun and air circulation, and they can make better use of water. "You often can plant earlier and harvest later,because raised beds warm up early in the spring and stay warm later in the fall," Orzolek says.
Raised beds also make ideal places to grow plants that can be invasive in a regular garden -- such as mints and horseradish. But ease and convenience is the benefit many gardeners appreciate the most. If you get a bad back and sore knees every year from gardening, a raised bed may put an end to those aches and pains.
"Raised vegetable beds are excellent for gardeners who have trouble with their backs, older people who don't have the flexibility they used to, people in wheelchairs or with other disabilities, and those who don't want to spend the summer on their knees in the garden," says Orzolek.
How to install a raised bed
* First, choose a sunny location and decide on the size and shape you want. Some gardeners till the soil before building raised beds, to provide additional room for root development.
* Construct the frame with a nontoxic building material, such as stone, cinder blocks, bricks, untreated wood or fiberglass. Avoid pressure-treated lumber and creosote-treated railroad ties. Some garden catalogs and centers now offer raised bed frames that snap together and can easily be taken apart.
* Make sure the frame is between 12 and 16 inches high and is sturdy enough to hold together when filled with soil. If you use boards, they must be secured at the corners with metal braces or screws, or nailed to a reinforcing block of wood inside the corners -- if you nail into the ends of boards, they will split.
* Fill the frame with a good-quality lightweight soil mix, and add a generous amount of compost. "Avoid using soil straight from the garden," saysOrzolek. "It usually is too heavy and doesn't allow for proper drainage."
A well-constructed raised bed should last for years, and soil fertility can be maintained by adding organic matter. "Raised beds have been used for centuries," Orzolek says. "And with good reason -- they're better for many plants and they're easier on gardeners."
* The soil is less compacted.
* It's easier to add compost, organic matter or other soil enhancers.
* Plants in raised beds get more sun and air circulation and can make better use of water.
"Walking in a garden causes soil compaction, which can cause problems with drainage and oxygen availability to the roots," says Dr. Michael Orzolek, professor of horticulture in Penn State's College of Agricultural Sciences. "It's also more difficult to weed when soil is compacted. With a raised bed, you can plant, weed and harvest without even walking on the soil."
Raised beds can be filled with high-quality soil, and it's easy to add compost or other organic matter. "Long-rooted plants, such as carrots, do especially well in this environment because there are no stones to hinder their development," Orzolek says.
Plants in raised beds get more sun and air circulation, and they can make better use of water. "You often can plant earlier and harvest later,because raised beds warm up early in the spring and stay warm later in the fall," Orzolek says.
Raised beds also make ideal places to grow plants that can be invasive in a regular garden -- such as mints and horseradish. But ease and convenience is the benefit many gardeners appreciate the most. If you get a bad back and sore knees every year from gardening, a raised bed may put an end to those aches and pains.
"Raised vegetable beds are excellent for gardeners who have trouble with their backs, older people who don't have the flexibility they used to, people in wheelchairs or with other disabilities, and those who don't want to spend the summer on their knees in the garden," says Orzolek.
How to install a raised bed
* First, choose a sunny location and decide on the size and shape you want. Some gardeners till the soil before building raised beds, to provide additional room for root development.
* Construct the frame with a nontoxic building material, such as stone, cinder blocks, bricks, untreated wood or fiberglass. Avoid pressure-treated lumber and creosote-treated railroad ties. Some garden catalogs and centers now offer raised bed frames that snap together and can easily be taken apart.
* Make sure the frame is between 12 and 16 inches high and is sturdy enough to hold together when filled with soil. If you use boards, they must be secured at the corners with metal braces or screws, or nailed to a reinforcing block of wood inside the corners -- if you nail into the ends of boards, they will split.
* Fill the frame with a good-quality lightweight soil mix, and add a generous amount of compost. "Avoid using soil straight from the garden," saysOrzolek. "It usually is too heavy and doesn't allow for proper drainage."
A well-constructed raised bed should last for years, and soil fertility can be maintained by adding organic matter. "Raised beds have been used for centuries," Orzolek says. "And with good reason -- they're better for many plants and they're easier on gardeners."
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