Supplements to Aid Liver Function

Milk Thistle

Of the supplements used to enhance liver function, Milk thistle extract (silybum marianum) is the most popular and widely researched. Although studies are not conclusive, milk thistle has shown positive results in growing and protecting liver cells. It also has demonstrated anti-inflammatory properties. Milk thistle is generally safe to ingest, but start at a low dose; higher doses can produce allergic reactions, bloating, diarrhea and other side effects.

Vitamin C, in doses starting at 5,000 mg per day, can protect the liver by flushing fats from it, according to Vincent Zannoni, Ph.D, a professor of pharmacology at the University of Michigan Medical School. Large doses of vitamin C may have serious side effects, so discuss safe dosage with your doctor.

SAMe is a derivative of the amino acid, methionine. The Mayo Clinic reports that it may help support and improve liver enzyme levels if you have liver disease. Although more studies are needed, SAMe is generally thought to be safe. However, it may interact with Parkinson's disease medications, such as Levodopa and some antidepressants. Mild digestive issues are the most common side effect associated with SAMe.

Despite various claims that tout the efficacy of ginseng and licorice, neither has been shown to help liver function in controlled studies. Some studies have shown that ginseng provided protection against liver cancer in experiments using rats; human studies are ongoing. If you want to take ginseng, buy the Asian or American versions; other types have not undergone as much extensive study, so their safety and efficacy is in question. Licorice root may be safe when taken in normal doses, but some studies suggest that ingesting more than 1 gram of licorice a day may raise blood pressure, decrease testosterone and increase estrogen levels. Since it can contribute to fluid retention and potassium loss, licorice may exacerbate kidney disease. Studies also suggest possible implications with glaucoma, heart disease and stroke.

Anatomy of the Liver

Supplements can cause liver damage or interact with other drugs to jeopardize the liver or trigger other serious health risks. Some supplements touted to help the liver---such as colloidal silver, kava kava and vitamin B-6---have shown to be potentially damaging. If you are tempted to use supplements or alternative remedies, first review them with your doctor.