The Process of Osteoarthritis Disease

Introduction

Osteoarthritis, also known as degenerative joint disease, is a common disorder throughout the United States and the world. According to the Centers for Disease Control, at least 1.3 million Americans currently suffer from osteoarthritis.

Osteoarthritis occurs as the cartilage of your joints wear down. This cartilage provides functional protection between bones. As the cartilage wears down (for a number of reasons, some of which are listed below), the joint no longer has a cushion between the bones. The greater the amount of cartilage degeneration, the more the bones begin to rub against each other. Over time, the cartilage can completely wear out, resulting in the bones rubbing together painfully.

According to the Mayo Clinic, osteoarthritis can develop for a number of reasons, and often is due to a combination of factors. For example, stress on the joints from obesity is often a contributing factor for the development of osteoarthritis. The process of aging can also be a factor, as the strength of cartilage lessens over time. In addition, injury and heredity can contribute to the development of osteoarthritis.

As the bones begin to rub together, your body will experience a host of symptoms. Most commonly you will feel pain and sensitivity each time you move the affected joint. Over time, other symptoms may develop, such as swelling, stiffness, and a reduction in movement capabilities and flexibility of the joint. In some severe cases, bone spurs may develop on the joint, making the condition even more painful.

Once osteoarthritis has been diagnosed, there are a number of treatments available to help lessen the effect of the disease. Medications such as the over-the-counter acetaminophen can help reduce the level of pain for less severe cases. Prescription medications, such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), codeine and tramadol, may be prescribed for more serious or chronic cases of osteoarthritis. Another option may be the use of cortisone shots directly into the affected joint to relieve the pain. In serious cases, surgery may be recommended to clean up, fuse or replace the joint for a more permanent solution.