Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors for T2DM
Type 2 diabetes mellitus continues to be a challenging disease to manage successfully. Beyond the first-line option metformin, there are a number of classes of medications from which to select. This article reviews the new sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors canagliflozin and dapagliflozin, including their benefits, adverse effects, and potential place in therapy. Upon review, the use of these medications has led to an A1c reduction between −0.37% and −1.16%. These medications also have been shown to reduce A1c when used with insulin. Some adverse effects were noted when using canagliflozin and dapagliflozin, with the most frequent being urinary tract infections and genital mycotic infections. We review the sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors approved by the US Food and Drug Administration and their potential roles in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) continues to be a challenging disease to manage successfully. It is generally accepted that metformin is the initial drug of choice for most patients, given its favorable benefit-to-risk portfolio. Beyond metformin, there are a number of classes of medications from which to select. Each class offers similar efficacy; thus, other factors, such as the risk of hypoglycemia, effect on weight and lipids, cost, dosing complexity, and other adverse effects will play a major role in the selection of the most appropriate medication for each individual patient. This article reviews the new sodium-glucose transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors canagliflozin and dapagliflozin, including their benefits, risks, and potential place in therapy.
Abstract and Introduction
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus continues to be a challenging disease to manage successfully. Beyond the first-line option metformin, there are a number of classes of medications from which to select. This article reviews the new sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors canagliflozin and dapagliflozin, including their benefits, adverse effects, and potential place in therapy. Upon review, the use of these medications has led to an A1c reduction between −0.37% and −1.16%. These medications also have been shown to reduce A1c when used with insulin. Some adverse effects were noted when using canagliflozin and dapagliflozin, with the most frequent being urinary tract infections and genital mycotic infections. We review the sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors approved by the US Food and Drug Administration and their potential roles in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Introduction
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) continues to be a challenging disease to manage successfully. It is generally accepted that metformin is the initial drug of choice for most patients, given its favorable benefit-to-risk portfolio. Beyond metformin, there are a number of classes of medications from which to select. Each class offers similar efficacy; thus, other factors, such as the risk of hypoglycemia, effect on weight and lipids, cost, dosing complexity, and other adverse effects will play a major role in the selection of the most appropriate medication for each individual patient. This article reviews the new sodium-glucose transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors canagliflozin and dapagliflozin, including their benefits, risks, and potential place in therapy.
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